Operating means for elevators.



'11. LARSSON.

OPERATING MEANS FOR BLEVATORS.

.1221101111011 1111111) M A Y 4, 1909 1 125, l 33. Patented Jan. 19, 1915.

2 vSHEETS-S HEET l.

T. LARSSON'.

OPERATING MEANS POR BLBVAToRs.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 4, 1909.

l, 125, 1 33. y Panfed Jan. 19,1915.

' 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

52 16' 5 J Z7 y A v f j] E j@ Q vd ,Q0 2L t ran 'sirenas rarnnr or.

THUBE LARSSON, OFWORCESTER, 'MASSACHUSETTS, SSIGNOBIQF vONCE'-TIFITIRD' TO 'WILLIAM`EL`D. 'STORES AND 'ONE-THIRD' '.lO`- FREDERICK A. f3' ONES, BOTHOF'NEW YORK, N. Y.

OPERATING- MEAN S- Ft'f",l EEEVTGRS.

'Patented'dan t9), MM5.

.appncationmed Maya, 1999. .seriatna 493,988.

To all whom it may concern -Be .it known that, THURE LABssoN, a citizen .of .the .United States, residing at Worcester, inthe county of Worcester .and-

State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Operating Means for Elevators, of which the followingis-a speciiication.

The object ofthis .invention is to provide a new andimproved operating means for elevators land ing long runs.

On account of the diliiulty of makingI a drum large enoughv to hold `the necessary lengths of ropes for long runelevators, it is -the present practicein vlong'zrun elevators to connect the lcar and counter-weight by a plurality of ropes and to turn the ropes back and forthbetween a seriesof sheaves so that the ropes will have a traction engagement therewith, and to apply power to Vrotate these sheaves whereby the friction or traction of the hopes-on thesheaves will operate the elevator. This traction device as .thus far constructed is open to serious defects among which `may be notedthat as dependence is placed entirely upon friction, considerable slippage takes place when .the power-isA suddenly applied or-shut od, which friction rapidly wears the ropes rendering frequent replacements and repairs. necessary.

I have overcome this difliculty by providing a drum to which the power is applied and around which the rope or ropes 'conf necting the car and counter-weight is or' are coiled to obtain a traction engagement therewith. Each rope is preferably givena full wrap and a half Wrap around the drum to obtain a large vamount 'of traction, although in some instances the rope is given la larger number of full turns and a half turn. Preferably a number of ropes are arranged between the counter-weight and the car and each rope is coiled. around .the driven drum in the before described maur ner.`

The drum has a screw-threaded groove cut in its periphery for the ropes to engage.

.T his permits the -use of a drum of convenient size, say a drum ten feet in circumference, because the ropes do not have to be wound thereon` the portion ofthe ropes which are not coiled around the drum extending up and down the well from the car to the countenweight. This arrangeparticularly for elevators hawA vment wi'llgive. a. large .tractionon the drum and will..enable`fthe carfto bei .smoothly operated. To prevent. displacement of. these traction ropes .Onftheperiphery ofthe drum, one or more. direct ,acting ropes are-em- Lployed.I .Two such ropesarepreferably employed .and .one ropeis connected tothe car and to i'the drum; .andthe .other rope is. .oonnected to. -the counter-weight and. `to .the

drum. 'These two direct; ropes 4are oppositely wound aroundfthejdrum so .that .asone unwinds,..the other will wind up and vice versa. "'.These ropes ywill also contribute to the action in .raisingV andv lowering ,the elevator and .counter-weight and. as they form a .direct connectiox'i between `the car and the drum, .and the. counter-weight .and the drum, the drum ,cannotslip relatively tothe car or counter-.weight and thusrelatively'V to the .traction ropes. .By ythis arrangement the o'nlyv .rope necessary .on the drum vis 'practically a. lengthof .rope equal .to the. run ofthe elevator, which .length .is .made Iup' by .the coiling of one of the two; .direct ropes en .the drum. Thev only other surfacenecessaryis 'a surfacelarge enough for the wrapping .f 'the traction .ropes on the drum.

'By this arrangement ythe ropes need have very little angular' deflection. lFor` illustration, if three-quarter inch ropes are used and-.ifthepitch ofthe .screw-thread on the drum is one inch 4for eachtu'rn and if the circumference ofthe drum is tenfeet', the angulardeflection of the ropes in 'the elevatorwell willbe .less than onefhalf of a degre which is soslightthat itvcanbe neglecte I This .construction also greatly. simplifies vthe parts .asall A.that is necessary is to ara similar View showing the car in its lowermost position. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the arrangement shown 1n Figs. l and 2. Fig. 4 is .an elevation of the driven drum.

Fig. 5 is a' diagrammatic perspective view illustrating the wrapping and coiling of the ropes on the drum. Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 1 illustrating the use of three traction ropes and showing the preferred forni of invention. Fig.- 7 is a diagrammatic perspective view illustrating the wrapping and coiling of the ropes on the drum in the arrangementshown in Fig. '6. Fig. 8 is a view showing an equalizing device for the ropes, and Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view illustrating 'an arrangement by which the driven drum can be placed at the bottom. of the well or at an intermediate point.

Referring now to the first sheet of drawings, C designates-'a suitable elevator car or cage and W a counter-weight, which parts may be arranged for vertical movement on any of the usual guide-ways, as is well understood inthe art. At the top of the'elevator well is journaled a driven drum D., This driven drum preferably has a screw-threaded groove d cut in its periphery, as illustrated in Fig. e. y

15 designates a traction rpe. This rope is connected at one end to the top of the elevator car and at the other end to the counter-weight. This rope is given a turn and a half around the driven drum, as shown diagrammatically in Fig. 5. By this arrangement, if the drum is turned one way or the other, the frictionor traction of the rope on the drum will cause the car to go up or down, depending upon which way the drum is rotated. The drum may be rotated by a suitable worm and worm wheel and electric motor l1, as illustrated in the drawings, which motor may be controlled by any ci' the usual switches and rheostats sothat the attendant on the car can cause the motor to rotate the drum in either direction or sokthat power can be shut ed and the car stopped. The traction rope 15 is preferably wound upon the drum so that when the car is at its upper position, as shown in Fig. 1, the rope will leave the drum at about the center of the well so that as the elevator car approaches its upper limits of travel, the lift will be about at its center of gravity. As the car comes to the bottom of the well, as shown in Fig. 2, say at the bottom of a two hundred foot run and using the iligures above referred to, the sidewise deflection of the rope, owing to the screw pitch' of the groove will be only about twenty inches, a factor that can be entirely neglected in a two hundredfoot run.

ylnorder to prevent slippage. or displacement of the traction rope on the drum,the following means is provided. A rope 14 is connected at one end to the car and at its other end is connected to the drum as at 140. This rope. is made a little longer than lthe elevator run and is trained around the drum so that when the car is at the top of maarre itsrun, as illustrated in Fig. 1, practically all the rope comes on the drum. Anotherrope`16 is connected at 160 to the drum and at its other end to the counter-weight. This rope is wound around the drum so that when the counter-weight is in its highest position, as shown in Fig. 2, practically all of the rope comes on the drum. The rope 14E being directly connected from the drum to the car will also actas a rope to lift the car. The rope 16 being directly connected 4.from the drum to the counter-weight will also act as a rope to lift the counter-weight. Thus in' combined edect, the ropes 14 and 16 will serve as another operating rope be'- tween the counter-weight and car. These ropes permanently connecting the drum and the car and the drum and the counter-weight will serve to prevent any slippage between the periphery of the drum and the car and counter-weight and hence the traction rope 'on the drum which traction engagement may be called a positive traction because there is no chance for slippage between-the periphery of the drum and the coiling of the rope 15 about the same, owing to the employment of the positive ropes 14 and 16. Tn practice, and employ a plurality of traction ropes. This does not render it necessary to make the drum much wider because the-only surface of the drum that is needed foreach traction rope is practically two grooves thereon. Therefore by this arrangement, T can use as many traction ropes as desired, depending on the conditions encountered, without materially increasing the size of the drum.

' ln Fig. 6, a preferred arrangement is illustrated. lin this arrangement, in addition to the traction rope 15 ll employ two other traction ropes 152 and 153 arranged closely adjacentt` and parallel with, the traction rope 15. This gives in effect four lifting ropes to the car and four lifting ropes to the counter-weight and makes a very safe and efficient arrangement for long-run elevators. The way the ropes are coiled and wound on the drum in this form is diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 7. lt also will be noticed that as a single drum is employed,

"the same can be conveniently placed at the 'top of the elevator well and can be of such a eine that when the elevator car is at the ll take advantage of this fact and the traction ropes.

ment, as the drum can be madey of large ditop of' its run the four ropes which act to lift the car can lead off the drum substantially in line with the center of the car, and

vso that when the counter-weight is at the top of its run the four ropes which act to litt the same can lead off the drum in linewith the center of the counter-weight. The counter-weight is placed at one side of the elevator well, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 6 for this purpose. In this arrangement, the drum need only be made of a len'gth practically half the width of the elevator well. The four ropes 'extending to either or both the car or counter-weight, may be united and connected to any desired Jform of equalizer, as shown in Fig. 8, so that the same tension will come on all ropes all the time. By this described arrangement, a large portion of the work, practically three-fourths thereof, is done by the traction ropes 15, 152 and 153, and the other quarter by the two direct ropes 14 and 16. The direct ropes 14 and 16 will act to prevent at all times any slippage between the periphery of the drum By this arrangeameter and as there is no slippage., there is very little wear on the ropes and the device will last for a long time. The druin can be applied to the ropes at any convenient point between the car and counter-weight.

In Fig. 9 an arrangement is shown by which the drum D can be placed at the bottomv of the elevator well byusing idler sheaves 20 and 21 at the'top of the well. In a similar way the drum can be placed at any intermediate point desired.

Many other modifications can be made for practising my invention Without departing from the scope thereof as expressed in the claims. v Y

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim' and desire to secure byvLetters-Patent is z- 1. In an elevator, the combination with a.

car and counter-weight, of a rope connectlng the same, a -drlven drum` around whlch the rope is coiled a number of full turns and with for preventing slipping of said rope relatively tothe drum.-

2. In an elevator, the combination with a Vcar and counter-weight, of a rope connecting the same, a driven drum having a `screwthreaded groove cut thereon around which the rope is coiled to obtain a traction engagernent therewith, and traction supplemental means working in unison therewith for preventing the slippage of said rope relatively to the drum.

3. In an elevator. the combination with a car and counter-weight, and a rope connecting the same, of a driven drum around which the rope iscoiled to obtain a traction engagement therewith, and a direct acting rope connected to the drum and to the car.

4. In an elevator, the combination with la car and counter-weight, and a rope connecting the same, of a driven drum about which the rope is coiled to obtain a traction engagement therewith, and a direct acting rope connected to the drum and to the counterweight.

5. In an elevator, the combination with a car and counter-weight, and a rope connecting the same, of a driven drum about which the rope -is coiled to obtain a traction engagement-therewith, a direct lacting rope connected to the drum and to the car, and a direct acting rope connected to the drum and to said drum, said ropes andsaid supplemental means being so disposed that they move substantially in unison longitudinally of the drum as the car rises or descends.

- counter-weight, the two direct acting ropes 7. The combination of an elevator car, a

counter-weight, a plurality of ropes connecting the car and the counter-weight and arranged side by side, a driven drum having a 'screw threaded groove cut therein around whichvsaid ropes are coiled to obtain atrac-` tion engagement therewith, and supplemental ropes connected to said drum and to said car and counter-weight, said supplemental ropes forming a plurality of coils around said drum in said grooves and the total length of said coils lbeing substantially equal to the run ofthe car. v

8. The combination of a car and counterweight, a plurality of ropes connecting the same, a drum having a screw threaded groove cut therein around which said ropes each are given a number of full'turns and a half turn to obtain a traction engagement therewith, and traction means supplemental to said traction ropes for preventing slippage between the traction ropes and drum. 9. The combination'of a car and counterweight, apluralitv of ropes connecting the same, a drum' having a" screw-threaded groove -cut therein around which said ropes are each given a number of-full turns and a half turn toobtain a traction engagement therewith, and means for preventing slippage between said ropes and the drum'comprisinga direct acting-rope connected tothe drum and to the car. y

10. The combination of a car and counterweight, a plurality of ropes connecting the iso4 same, a drum having a screw-threaded groove cut therein around which said ropes are each given a number of full turns and a half turn to obtain a traction engagement therewith, and means for preventing slippage of said ropes on the drum comprising avdirect acting rope connected to the drum and to the counter-weight. 11. rl`he combination of a car and counterweight, a plurality of ropes connecting the same, a drum having a screw-threaded groove cut therein around which said ropes are each given a number of full turns and a half turn to obtain a traction engagement therewith, and means for preventing slippage of said ropes on the drum com'- prising a direct acting rope connected to the drum and to the car, and another direct acting rope connected to thev drum and counter-weight, the two direct acting ropes being oppositely wound on the drum.

l2. The combination of a car and counterweight, three ropes connecting the same and arranged side by side, a drum having a screw-threaded groove out on the periphery thereof around which said ropesare coiled to obtainl a traction engagement therewith, and means for preventing slipping ot said ropes on the drume i p 13. The combination of acar, a counterweight, three ropes connected between `thel same, a drum having a screw-threaded groove cut on the periphery thereof around which said ropes are coiled to obtain a traction engagement therewith, and means for preventing slipping of said ropeson the drum comprising a direct acting rope connected to the drum and car.,

le. The combination of a` car, a counterweight, three ropes connected between the same, a drum having a .screw-threaded Vgroove cut on the periphery thereof around which vsaid ropes are coiled to obtain a traction engagement therewith., and means for preventing slipping of the ropes on the drum comprising a direct acting rope connected to the drum and counter-weight.

l5. The combination of a car, a counterweight, three ropes connected between the same, a drum having a screw-threaded groove out on the periphery thereof around which said ropesare coiled to obtain a traction engagement therewith, and means for preventing slipping of said ropes on the drum comprising a direct acting rope connected to the drumv and car, and a direct acting rope connected tothe counter-weight and drum, the direct acting ropes being oppositelv turned ontlie drum.

1G. The combination of a car, a counterwcight arranged at one side of the center ot' the car, a rope connecting the car and counter-weight, and a driven drum having a screw-threaded groove around which the Meanies rope is coiled.to obtain a traction 'engagement therewith, the rope extending in a straight line from the drum to the car and to the counter-weight and the parts being arranged so that when the car is in its upper position the rope will extend from the drum to the car in substantially a vertical line and so that when-the counter-weight is 4in its upper position the rope vwill extend from the drum to the counter-weight in substantially a vertical line.

17. Illhe combination of a car, a counterweight arranged at one side of the center of the car, a plurality of ropes connecting the car and counter-weight, and a driven drum having a screw-threaded groove around which the ropes are coiled to obtain a traction engagement therewith, the rope extending in a straight line from the drum to the car and to the counter-weight, and the parts being arranged so that when the car is in'its upper position the ropes will extend from the drum to the car in substantially a vertical line and so that when the counterweight is in its upper position the ropes will extend from the drum to the counter-weight in substantially a vertical line.A

18. `The combination of a car, a counterweight arranged at one side of the center of the car, a rope connected to the center of the car and the center of the counter-weight., a driven drum having a screw-threaded groove aroundvwhich the rope is coiled to obtain a traction engagement therewith, the parts being arranged so that when the car is in its upper position the rope will extend .from the drum to the car in a line substantially parallel to the line of travel of the car and`so that when the counter-weight is at its upper position the rope will extend from the drum to the counter-weight in a car and the center of the counter-weight, a i L driven drum having a screw-threaded groove around which the rope is coiled to obtain a traction engagement therewith,.the parts bcing arranged so that when the car is in its upper position the rope will extend from the drum. to the car in a line substantially parallel to the line of travel of the car vand so that when the counter-weight is at its upper position the rope will extend from the drulmto the counter-weight in a line substantially parallel to the line of travei ot the counter-weight, and a rope connected. to. the counter-weight and drum and turnedl `vveight arranged at one side of the .center of the car, a rope connected to the center of the car and the center of the counter- Weight, a driven drum having a screwthreaded groove around which the rope is coiled to obtain a traction engagement therewith', the parts being arranged so that when the car is in its upper position the rope will extend from the drum to the car in aline substantially parallel tothe line of travel of the car and so that When the counter- Weight is at its upper position the rope Will extend from the drum to thecounter-W'eight, in a line substantially parallel 'to the line of travel of the counter-Weight, ay rope connected to the car and'to `the drum and turned around-the drum so as to be substantially Wound thereon When the car is in its upper position, and a rope connected to the counter-Weight and drum and turned around the drum so as ,to be substantially Wound thereon when the counter-Weight is in its upper position.

21. The combination of a car, a counter- Weight arranged at one-side of the center of the car, a plurality of ropes connected tothe center of the car and counter-Weight, a driven drum having ascrew-threaded groove around which the ropes are coiled to obtain a traction engagement therewith, the parts being arranged so that when the lcar -is in its upper position the ropes Will extend from the drum to the car in a line substantially perpendicular ,to the center of the car and so that when the counter-l Weight is in its upper position the ropes will extend from the drum to the counter-Weighty in a line substantially parallel to the line of travel of the counter-Weight, and a rope connected to the car and drum and turned around the drum so as to be substantially Wound thereon when the car is in its upper position.

. 22. The combination ofk a car, a counterweight arranged at one side of the center of the car, a plurality of ropes connected to the center of the car and counter-weight, a driven drum having a screw-threaded groove around Which'the ropes are coiled to obtain a traction engagement therewith, the

parts being arranged so that when the car is in its upper position the ropes will eX- tend from the drum to the car in a line substantially perpendicular to the center of the car and so that when the counter-Weight is in its upper position the ropes Will extend from the drum to the counter-weight ,in a-line substantially parallel to the line of travel ofthe counter-Weight, and a rope connected to the counter-Weight and drum and turned around the drum so as to be substantially Wound vthereon when the counter-Weight is in its upper position.

'23. The combination of a car,a -counterweight arranged at one side of the center of the car, a plurality of ropes connected to the center of the car'and counter-Weight, a driven drum having a screw-threaded groove around which the ropes are coiled to obtain a traction engagement therewith, the parts being arranged so that when the car isl in its upper position the ropes will ex-v tend from the drum to the car in a line substantially perpendicular to the center of the car and so that when the counter-Weight is in its upper position thev ropes will extend from the drum to thecounter-weight in a line vsubstantially parallel lto the line of travel of the counter-Weight, a rope connected to the car and to the drum and 4turned around the drum so as to be substantially Wound thereon When the car is in its upper position, and a rope` connected to the counter-Weight anddrum and turned around the drumso as to be substantially Wound thereon when the counter-Weight is in its upper position.

24. In an elevator, the combination with a cal", and a counter-Weight, ofV a rope con- -With'said rope to' prevent the slipping of said rope on said drum.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses. THURE LARSSON. Witnesses:

LoUrs W. SOUTHGATE, C. FoRREsTIVEssoN. 

